PLAQUETTE

Plaquette is built for quantum hardware teams working on logical circuit demonstrations and on fault-tolerance architectures. This includes not only fault-tolerance theorists but also hardware engineers who are looking to simulate, analyze, and optimize fault-tolerance designs.

Stim is a fast simulator for Clifford circuits, designed as an assembly language. By analogy, Plaquette is a user-friendly IDE offering libraries of error correction codes, error models, several decoders, and multiple backends, including Stim. Plaquette includes over 5 additional backends that accurately model imperfections that Clifford simulators miss, such as leakage, failed fusions and coherent errors.

Plaquette is built for hardware efforts like demonstrating logical qubits and devising fault-tolerance architectures. You should use Plaquette if you’re looking to:

• Quickly simulate and optimize fault-tolerant designs without the costs of maintaining custom-built software.

• Accurately model various hardware imperfections—such as leakage and overrotation—that Clifford simulators miss.

• Access extensive libraries of quantum error-correction codes, decoders, and error models tailored for your hardware platforms.

• Free your team to focus on core innovation instead of software development.

Plaquette is designed to work with any of the major quantum hardware platforms. We enable matter-based qubit simulations via circuit-based quantum computing (CBQC) and photonics-based qubit simulations via measurement- or fusion-based approaches (MBQC, FBQC). Thanks to this framework, Plaquette supports all of the major hardware platforms including superconducting qubits, neutral atoms, trapped ions, and photonic systems.

Plaquette can simulate a wide range of hardware imperfections, including those most critical for various hardware platforms, such as (in no particular order):

• Photonic systems (e.g., fusion failures, imperfections in single-photon sources and detectors)

• Superconducting qubits, including transmons and bosonic qubits (e.g., two-qubit gate imperfections, leakage)

• Neutral atoms (e.g., errors from measurements, scattering, leakage, over- and under-rotation )

• Trapped ions (e.g., errors from over- and under-rotation, heating of motional modes)

• Spin qubits (e.g., charge noise, fabrication defects)

You can mix-and-match built-in or user-defined error models. Plaquette’s simulator backends support specifying realistic hardware imperfections through Kraus operators or propagators acting on the computational subspace of the qubits and, optionally, higher energy levels. Alternatively, you can define error models via a Hamiltonian describing gate operations and Lindblad operators describing error processes. This framework allows analysing the effects of leakage, photon loss, shuttling errors, intermediate state scattering, over- and under-rotation, and other significant noise models. All Plaquette simulators support these error models with varying accuracy and performance.

Plaquette provides an extensive library of quantum error-correction codes, including:

• Surface codes, such as the planar surface code, rotated planar surface code, toric code, and subsystem surface code.

• LDPC codes, including Hypergraph Product (HGP) codes, Bivariate Bicycle (BB) codes, Generalized Bicycle (GB) codes, and Lifted Product (LP) codes.

• Other fundamental codes, such as the Bacon-Shor code, Steane code, Five-qubit code, and Repetition codes.

• Photonic codes, including foliated versions of any of the above codes for measurement-based quantum computing (MBQC), and specific fusion networks such as Four-star fusion networks (open and periodic boundaries) and Six-ring fusion networks (open and periodic boundaries) for fusion-based quantum computing (FBQC).

• Additionally, you can also define custom codes by specifying stabilizer generators and logical operators, allowing you to use Plaquette's circuit generation, simulation, and decoding capabilities to design your own fault-tolerant architectures.

We continuously add new codes as they emerge in research literature.

Yes! Plaquette is provided as downloadable on-premises software that can be installed directly on your local devices, such as laptops or private cloud infrastructure.

No. Plaquette is offered as an on-premises installation on your laptops or private cloud, allowing you to run sensitive simulations internally and maintain full confidentiality of your designs. There is no need to share any proprietary IP, including error-correction codes, decoders, error models, or compilation methods.

As a Plaquette subscriber, you receive support from our dedicated team, composed of leading global experts in fault tolerant quantum computing. Our customers consistently praise our team for responsiveness.

No advanced expertise is required to get started. Customers frequently find Plaquette's extensive documentation to be an approachable way to quickly reach the cutting edge of quantum fault tolerance—more accessible than primary research literature and more practical than review articles.

We'd love to chat! You can schedule a call using our Calendly link or write to us using the contact form.